Organic search engine optimization
White hat is not risky. Whatever method you choose is up to you.
There’s also the grey hat seo which is in riskyness terms between white hat and black hat. Another word for white hat seo is natural seo and organic search engine optimization.
Black hat is like spamming most of it. But some of it is for computer geeks, who are experts in everything and know how to handle progamming, scripts and so forth - and black hat software, scripts that buy to install and use are sophistacted and all in some way or another to trick the search engines.